Drivers can connect to the grid during cheap-tariff periods and use the electricity stored in the vehicle's battery to power their homes, or even sell back to the grid. Vehicles can even be used as mobile energy points for outdoor events or emergencies. We systematically compare and evaluate battery technologies. Electric Vehicles (EV) are projected to become increasingly prominent in the Transport industry; due both to consumers' desire for a smaller carbon footprint, as well as improved Electric Vehicle technology. EV sales have grown by 62 % globally in the first half of 2022 as compared to the first half of 2021. Improving the batteries for electric drive vehicles, including hybrid electric (HEV) and plug-in electric vehicles (PEV), is key to improving vehicles' economic, social, and environmental sustainability. In fact, transitioning to a light-duty fleet of HEVs and PEVs could reduce U.